问题


There is a single choice question about management. Answer the question by replying A, B, C or D.
Question: Which of these does not form part of the key streams identified by March (1988) in decision making in highly ambiguous environments?
A. Expectations
B. Choice opportunities
C. Problems
D. Solutions
Answer:

答案

模型 模型答案 正确答案
金声玉亮2.0

A. Expectations
A
deepseekr1

The question refers to March's key streams in decision-making within ambiguous environments, which are derived from the Garbage Can Model (originally by Cohen, March, and Olsen, 1972). This model identifies four streams: **problems**, **solutions**, **participants**, and **choice opportunities**. "Expectations" is not one of the streams.

**Answer:** A
A
gpto1 A A
GPT-4o A. Expectations A
llama3.1-70B-Instruct

A
A
llama3.1-405B-Instruct

A
A
DeepSeek-Coder-V2 C. Problems A
Qwen2-72B-Instruct D. Solutions A
baichuan4 D. Solutions A
doubao D

March (1988) identified expectations, choice opportunities, and problems as key streams in decision making in highly ambiguous environments, but not solutions.
A
minimax D. Solutions A
kimi D. Solutions A
wenxinyiyan D

Explanation:
March (1988) identified three key streams in decision making, particularly in highly ambiguous environments: (1) the stream of expectations, (2) the stream of choice opportunities, and (3) the stream of problems. These streams interact to shape the decisions that are made. The stream of "solutions" is not explicitly identified by March as one of the key streams in this context. Therefore, the answer is D.
A
zhipu C. Problems

March (1988) identified expectations, choice opportunities, and solutions as key streams in decision making in highly ambiguous environments. Problems are not included as one of the key streams.
A
gpto1 A A